A. Biomass
Resources
- bagasse: sugarcane is the top agricultural crop in terms of tonnage.
- rice hull: rice is the second agricultural crop in terms of tonnage.
- landfill waste: urban centers generate substantial domestic wastes.
Technology that supports the industry
- Fluidized-bed combustor/Gasifiers/Combustors for thermal applications- locally developed.
Ideal Locations
- Rice hull projects- Central Luzon and other nearby provinces.
- Bagasse projects- Visayas particularly in Negros island.
- Landfill waste - Metro Manila, Cebu and Davao.
Costs Advantage
- Since the Philippines is an agricultural country, biomass resources come as cheap feedstock to generate power.
B. Bio Ethanol
- Available Land - more than 500,000 hectares of land area identified suitable for the plantation bioethanol crops.
Major Sources of Raw Materials
- Sugarcane: 404,000 hectares (total in 2009)
- Sweet sorghum: pre-commercial scale level
- Cassava: Mindanao hosts the most cassava plantations.
Support industries/infrastructures
- Existing irrigation systems.
C. Bio Fuels
Major sources of raw materials and their average yields
Bioethanol:
- sugarcane: 70 liters per metric ton or 4,550 liters per hectares
- sweet sorghum: 5,000 liters/ha. (stalks) or 2,250 liters/ha. (grains)
- cassava: 180 liters per metric ton
Biodiesel: abundant supply of coconut oil at 630 liters per metric ton
Sustained supply of ethanol for bioethanol production.
D. Coco Methyl Ester
- 68 out of 79 provinces are coconut areas covering 1,195 municipalities
- About 331 million coconut trees planted in about 3.3 million has. of land
- 2010 coconut production: 15.54 million MT
- Sustained supply of coconut oil
E. Geothermal
- 2,047 MW of proven reserves and 4,790 MW of potential reserves which are generally “wet”steam fields.
- Geoscientists believe that about 1,200 MW can be tapped from these geothermal reservoirs.
- The industry has developed practical solutions and innovations in geothermal technology such as Silica Inhibition Technology.
- Technical papers, ideas and experiences on geothermal science and engineering are shared by both local and foreign industry leaders.
F. Jatropha
- The biggest jatropha plantations in the country to date are the 787 hectares of jatropha nursery-cum-pilot-plantations of the Philippine National Oil Company-Alternative Fuels Corporation (PNOC-AFC) in Cagayan de Oro in Mindanao and in Nueva Ecija and in Luzon.
- Seedlings grown in June 2007 were 571,074.
- Idle lands for jatropha plantation - 2,003,572 hectares.
G. Wind Energy
- The Philippines’ potential for wind energy is attributed to its many good wind sites due to its location in the Asia-Pacific monsoon belt.
- Its potential wind power seems sizable compared with other power producing countries like Germany, Spain, US, Denmark, and India.
- Wind power density is at 500 W/m2.
- 73 provinces in the Philippines 47 have at least 500 MW wind potential and 25 have at least 1,000 MW.
H. Solar Energy
- Average solar radiation ranges from 128 to 203 watts per sq. m. or an average of 161.7 watts per sq. m.
- There is potential to generate 4.5 to 5.5 kWh/m2/day in the country.
- Ideal locations
- northern part of the Philippines = 4.5 to 5.0 kWh/m2/day
- southern part of the Philippines = 5.0 to 5.5 kWh/m2/day
Read up on Hydro Energy >>
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What the Philippines can offer:
Support infrastructure
High voltage backbone system of interconnected transmission lines, sub-stations and related facilities exist in Luzon and Visayas, and another in Mindanao. The transmission lines traversing the entire country have a total line length of 19,778 circuit kilometers, while the total sub-station capacity is at 24,643 megavolts amperes (MVA)
Human resources
Availability − Substantial number of graduates from various engineering and technical/vocational courses
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